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Deadline and limitation calculator
Illustrative dates for employment tribunal limits, small-claims limitation, section 8 notice periods, parking challenge windows and the tenancy-deposit 30-day clock. Everything runs in your browser. Nothing is stored or sent.
Employment tribunal time limit
Most claims: 3 months less one day if the problem (the “relevant date”) was before 1 October 2026; 6 months less one day if on or after that date (Employment Rights Act 2025 s.152 / S.I. 2026/954). Statutory redundancy pay, equal pay, and certain trade-union or armed-forces claims stay at 6 months less one day either way. In Scotland, breach-of-contract claims stay on 3 months less one day until 9 November 2026. You usually must contact Acas for early conciliation within the primary limit; the clock pauses from Day A to Day B.
Month convention: add calendar months (clamp to the last day of a shorter month), then subtract one day for “less one day”. If your date is the last day of a month, some tribunals may count the deadline as one day later. This tool shows the earlier date to be safe, so do not rely on the extra day. Acas extension uses ERA 1996 s.207B sequentially: pause days are added; if that date falls in [Day A, one month after Day B], the limit ends one month after Day B. If Day A is after the primary limit, the pause usually does not apply.
Small claims and limitation
England & Wales overview: often 6 years for simple contract and most debts (Limitation Act 1980 s.5) and for many tort claims (s.2); often 3 years for personal injury (s.11), usually from the date of injury or the later date of knowledge. Time can be extended while a claimant is a child or lacks capacity (s.28). Many other exceptions exist (latent damage, acknowledgment, fraud). Scotland and Northern Ireland differ.
Section 8 notice periods (England, after 1 May 2026)
Section 21 was abolished for the private rented sector in England on 1 May 2026. Landlords use section 8 grounds. Choose a common ground to see the usual minimum notice and the illustrative earliest date proceedings can start after service. Some less-common grounds are not listed — use “Other / unsure” and the GOV.UK / Form 3A wording.
Parking challenge windows
Council PCNs and private parking charges follow different routes. Windows below are the common GOV.UK / POPLA / IAS figures. Always read the ticket.
Counting: the start date is day 1 of the window (start + N − 1 days). The Private Parking Code of Practice 2026 was laid on 20 October 2026 and is not in force yet.
Tenancy deposit — 30-day clock
When a landlord in England or Wales receives a money deposit, they usually must protect it and give the prescribed information within 30 days of receiving it. This calculator is for that England & Wales calendar-day clock. Scotland uses a different rule (30 working days from the tenancy start).
Wales: occupation contracts under the Renting Homes (Wales) Act 2016 also use a 30-day protection / information duty from payment of the deposit (s.45). Scotland: landlords usually have 30 working days from the start of the tenancy (not calendar days from receipt) under the Tenancy Deposit Schemes (Scotland) Regulations 2011 — use the Scotland option below. Northern Ireland has separate schemes.
Scotland bank-holiday handling: weekends never count. Scottish bank holidays from GOV.UK, checked 30 Oct 2026; the list covers 2025 to 2028. Always check GOV.UK Scotland bank holidays (opens in a new tab) before relying on a date — special proclamations can add days. Dates outside 2025–2028 are outside this list’s coverage.
Need help on your own situation?
These calculators cannot advise you. For free help see our free legal help page, Acas (opens in a new tab) or Citizens Advice (opens in a new tab).
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